lithosols soil in ethiopia

East. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 326341, Sutcliffe JP (1993) Economic assessment of land degradation in the Ethiopian highlands: a case study. Agriculture is the main source of income in Ethiopia. Particularly in the northern provinces, which have been settled with sedentary agriculture for millennia, population density has caused major damage to the soils physical base, to its organic and chemical nutrients, and to the natural vegetation cover. . Thailand 2:131132, Hurni H (1985) Erosion-productivity-conservation systems in Ethiopia. Soil OC was analyzed by wet digestion method (Walkley and Black 1934), and total N was determined by a modified micro- DC, USA. << 0000001951 00000 n [2], The plant life of the region needs more study, which has been hampered by long-term political strife in the region. Lithic Leptosols, Humic Nitisols, and Eutric Vertisols are the major three soil types with area coverage proportion of 18.5, 11.9, and 10.2 %, respectively. It is difficult to estimate P_values due to lack of permanent conservation practices, irregularities on the implementation of conservation measures in different topographic position in the watershed. Lithosols are shallow soils consisting of imperfectly weathered rock fragments having sandy clay soil texture classes. hb```b``Abl,PaVnk \. Based on the classification, two sub watersheds fell under very low erosion severity classes (01 ton/ha/yr), 22 sub-watersheds fell under low erosion severity classes (15 ton/ha/yr). Uncontrolled land use, deforestation, over cultivation, Soil erodibility (K) is the intrinsic susceptibility of a soil to erosion by runoff and raindrop impact. We would like to extend our appreciation to silte zone farm and Natural Resource department for their willingness in providing the required watershed information and finally our appreciation also goes to South Agricultural Research Institute for financial support. After analyzing all model parameters, areas in steeper Due largely to political instability in the region over the last 30 years, many elements of the fauna and flora remain poorly known. (5.3%) of Ethiopia's 3.7 million hectares . Vachellia tortilis, Vachellia nubica, and Balanites aegyptiaca grow as scattered trees or shrubs on the sandy plains. 64 years mean annual rainfall data for estimating . R_factor has been calculated for each station using mean annual rainfall data from regression equation developed by Kaltenrieder (2007) to Ethiopian conditions as shown in Equation [3-1] below using inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) Interpolation, with 12 neighborhoods in spatial analyst tool. Extract from "Legend of the Soil Map of the World", 1974, UNESCO, Paris. Regosols and Lithosols. Cambridge, Hurni H,Herweg K, Portner B, Liniger H (2008)SoilErosionand conservationin globalagriculture. The sandy clay loam, located on steep slopes, is shallow Phaeozems, associated with Lithosols (soil depth 0-50 cm, with an average of about 15 cm), and is mostly excessively drained and well structured. Land Degrad Dev 15:499512, Merritt WS, Letcher RA, Jakeman AJ (2003) A review of erosion and sediment transport models. In: Edwards S, Demissie A, Bekele T, Haase G (eds) Forest genetic resources conservation: principles, strategies and actions. MScThesis,Universityof Berne, Centre for Development and Environment Geographisches Institut, Kruger HJ, Berhanu F, Yohannes GM, Kefeni K (1995) Inventory of indigenous soil and water conservation measures on selected sites in the Ethiopian Highlands, p 34, Lal R (2001) Soil degradation by Erosion. GLEYSOLS (G)Other soils showing hydromorphic properties within 50 cm of the surface; having no diagnostic horizons other than (unless buried by 50 cm or more new material) an A horizon, an H horizon, a cambic B horizon, a calcic or a gypsic horizon. /LastChar 116 J Nat Sci Res 4(7):5969, Veihe A, Rey J, Quinton JN, Strauss P, Sancho FM, Somarriba M (2001) Modelling of event-based soil erosion in Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Mexico: evaluation of the EUROSEM model. 0 0 0 667 667 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 500 667 556 833 Mixed plantation and cultivated land is the dominant land use type in the study area which covers 55,307.4 (44.8%) and 49,864.2 (40.4) of the total study area, respectively; while other land use covers 14.8% (Table1). The extreme escarpment in Simien appears to be a precondition for the formation of the extended uplift of the whole mountain massif 75 million years ago. The climate fluctuates between Mediterranean subtropical and Mediterranean temperate, with annual average temperatures of between 13 C and 17 C, and average annual rainfall of between 400 mm and 800 mm. <> DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13313 Corpus ID: 256487232; GIS based soil loss assessment using RUSLE model: A case of Horo district, western Ethiopia @article{Olika2023GISBS, title={GIS based soil loss assessment using RUSLE model: A case of Horo district, western Ethiopia}, author={Gamtesa Olika and Gelana Fikadu and Basha Gedefa}, journal={Heliyon}, year={2023}, volume={9} } Mean annual rainfall varies from less than 100mm close to the coast to around 200mm further inland. PHAEOZEMS (H)Other soils having a mollic A horizon. % M.Sc. 1). Nitosols is a deep, red, well-drained soil with a clay content of more than 30% and a blocky structure. Similarly, the finding of setegn et al. 0000002144 00000 n where R is the rainfall erosivity factor and P is the mean annual rainfall (mm). Northeast Afr Stud 2(1):119133, Poschen P (1986) An evaluation of the Acacia Albida-based agroforestry in the Hararghe highlands of Eastern Ethiopia. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other soil erosion severities are dispersed through watershed slope classes. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 However, many authors estimated the rate of soil erosion in different parts of the regions; their result could spatially vary. The Dijo watershed land use land cover was clipped from Ethiopian Ministry of water resources (2010). Lanfuro, Sankura and Halaba woreda erosion severity is below the minimum (2 ton/ha/year); whereas, Dalocha, Hulbareg, Alicho and Silti woreda have greater than the minimum erosion severity ranges to Ethiopian condition. The dramatic views are due to this volcanic activity. This study has been conducted at Dijo watersheds in the Rift valley Basins of Ethiopia to estimate soil erosion rate and identify erosion hotspot areas for proper planning using Geographic Information System and Universal Soil Loss Equation adapted to Ethiopian condition. study area. There are very few permanent watercourses. /FontName /ArialMT Therefore, the present study has been initiated to estimate average annual soil loss rate and identify critical soil erosion-prone areas for proper intervention for the study watershed using USLE and GIS. The USLE model does no account Gully erosion in the watershed. The c-values of croplands (0.15), mixed plantations (0.04), grasslands (0.05), woody savannas (0.08), Savannas (0.09), closed shrub lands (0.16), open shrub lands (0.17), with the mean values of 0.08 with standard deviation of 0.05 and maximum and minimum value of 0.17 and 0.04, respectively (Fig. 47.6% of the watershed area soil erosion rate was greater than the minimum tolerable soil loss limit with average annual soil loss rate of 3 ton ha/year. [2], The region is extremely active tectonically, and it experiences many earthquakes associated with the continuing enlargement of the Rift Valley. This ecoregion lies mainly between sea level and 800 meters (m) elevation. Solonetz showing hydromorphic properties within 50 cm of the surface. Fluvisols having a sulfuric horizon or sulfidic material, or both, at less than 125 cm from the surface, Other Fluvisols which are calcareous, at least between 20 and 50 cm from the surface, Other Fluvisols having a base saturation (by NH4OAc) of less than 50 percent, at least in some part of the soil between 20 and 50 cm from the surface, SOLONCHAKS (Z)Other soils having high salinity and having no diagnostic horizons other than (unless buried by 50 cm or more new material) an A horizon, an H horizon, a cambic B horizon, a calcic or a gypsic horizon, Solonchack showing hydromorphic properties within 50 cm of the surface, Other Solonchack showing takyric features, Other Solonchack having a mollic A horizon. The mean annual soil losses of Dijo watershed range from 0 in the flat slope to 38.09 ton/ha/year from steep slope areas with the annual average soil loss rate of 2.2 ton/ha/year. Updates? overgrazing and exploitation of biomass for firewood, construction and other in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia Abay Challa 1, *, Abdu Abdelkadir 2, Tefera Mengistu 2 . The average annual precipitation of the area is 1003.7mm. Slider with three articles shown per slide. 0000002547 00000 n 1999; Veihe et al. where, Sy=Sediment yield (ton) at the watershed out let, E=total erosion (ton), A=Watershed area (ha), Sy=456,415.60ton/year *(1/123,3950.2), Sy=43,762 tons/year. In: Adams WM, Goudie AS, Orme AR (eds) The physical geography of Africa. Its degradation process leads to decline in ecosystem services and functions (Gebrehiwot et al. The clay loam, 7 0 obj Nitosols having a base saturation of less than 50 percent (by NH4OAc) in at least a part of the B horizon within 125 cm of the surface; having an umbric A horizon or a high organic matter content in the B horizon, or both, Other Nitosols having a base saturation of less than 50 percent (by NH4OAc) in at least a part of the B horizon within 125 cm of the surface. [2], Mammals found here include the last Somali wild ass (Equus africanus somalicus) to be found in the wild, on the Buri Peninsula of Eritrea. Finally, the aggregated effects of This could be attributed to mixed plantation of acacia species, Eucalyptus globulus, and cupperesus lustanica. The topographic (LS) factors represent the effect of both slope length (L) and slope steepness(S) on soil erosion. The annual mean soil loss rate for each woreda was estimated and each woreda erosion severities were compared with the tolerable soil loss limit. Podzols having a thin iron pan in or over the spodic B horizon, Other Podzols showing hydromorphic properties within 50 cm of the surface, Other Podzols having a B horizon in which a subhorizon contains dispersed organic matter and lacks sufficient free iron to turn redder on ignition, Other Podzols in which the ratio of percentage of free iron to percentage of carbon is 6 or more in all subhorizons of the B horizon, Other Podzols lacking or having only a thin (2 cm or less) and discontinuous albic E horizon; lacking a subhorizon within the B horizon which is visibly more enriched with carbon. Acrisols having plinthite within 125 cm of the surface, Other Acrisols showing hydromorphic properties within 50 cm of the surface, Other Acrisols having an umbric A horizon or a high organic matter content in the B horizon, or both. 1 3} \right)^{0. Other grazing animals include beira, dorcas gazelle, Soemmerring's Gazelle, gerenuk and the beisa oryx (Oryx beisa). Molic Andosols covers (37.2%), Pellic vertisols (19.6%), Chromic luvisols (17.2%), Haplic phaeozems (17.1%), Eutric cambisols (7.6%) and Lithosols (1.3%). Somali AcaciaCommiphora bushlands and thickets, "Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands", https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T30402A95306943.en, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethiopian_xeric_grasslands_and_shrublands&oldid=1074975412, This page was last edited on 3 March 2022, at 06:03. 8 0 obj Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in /Ascent 905 Slope gradient, slope Basement rocks are composed mainly of Tertiary lava flows, although there are also Quaternary basinal deposits at the northern end and pre-Cretaceous basinal deposits on the northern coast of Somaliland. Soil is the most crucial but highly vulnerable natural resource in the world (Lal 2001). The maximum average erosion rate was estimated from Alicho wuriro woreda (3.6 ton/ha/year) and the minimum (1 ton/ha/year) from Sankura woreda (Table8). Based on the finding, the following points should be recommended, The Moderate and Low soil erosion severity areas should be managed through terracing, inter-cropping, contour farming, strip cropping, conservation tillage, mulching and biological stabilizers based on their slope range, soil type and land use type. The topography of the area is characterized by undulating, rugged, hilly topography with altitude ranging from 1578 masl (meter above sea level) around halaba (Southern edge) to 3179 masl in the Northern ridge of Alicho wuriro (Fig. Based on the classification, two sub watersheds fell under very low erosion severity classes (01 ton/ha/yr), 22 sub-watersheds fell under low erosion severity classes (15 ton/ha/yr). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2005.03.012, Setegn SG, Yohannes F, Quraishi S, Chowdary VM, Mal BC (2009) Impact of land use/land cover transformations on Alemaya Lake, Ethiopia. FLUVISOLS (J)Other soils developed from recent alluvial deposits, having no diagnostic horizons other than (unless buried by 50 cm or more new material) an ochric or an umbric A horizon, an H horizon, or a sulfuric horizon. from nearly 0 in south and central parts of the area to 504.6 t/ha/yr in Catena 44:187203, Wang Z, Shao M, Lei T (2003) Tillage erosion in loess area and the spatial pattern of contribution to total erosion. The weight of each parameter was calculated using an 8 8 pairwise comparison matrix. 6 0 obj Whereas, the rest one sub-watershed B falls under Moderate classes (510 ton/ha/year). 14,Lund, Sweden, Hurni H (1984) Soil erosion and soil conservation in agricultural ecosystems: ethiopia and northern. The characteristics of soil, watershed topography (gently sloping and sloping), lack of vegetation cover, cultivation of steep slope without engineering measures, free grazing and sand extraction contributed for moderate soil erosion. These soils are formed from volcanic material and, with proper management, have medium to high potential for rain-fed agriculture. 0 The conditions that favored soil development in Ethiopia : Of the 18 major soil associations existing in Ethiopia only few are important from agricultural development point of view. 0 0 0 556 0 0 0 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 222 0 KASTANOZEMS (K)Other soils having a mollic A horizon with a moist chroma of more than 2 to a depth of at least 15 cm. 6 Tidal flushing must be strong enough to remove the alkalinity formed in the process of pyrite for- mation. Ferrasols having plinthite within 125 cm of the surface, Other Ferralsols having a base saturation of less than 50 percent (by NH4OAc) in at least a part of the B horizon within 100 cm of the surface; having an umbric A horizon or a high organic matter content in the B horizon, or both, Other Ferralsols having a cation exchange capacity (from NH4C1) of 1.5 me or less per 100 g of clay in at least some part of the B horizon within 125 cm of the surface, Other Ferralsols having a red to dusky red B horizon (rubbed soil has hues redder than 5YR with a moist value of less than 4 and a dry value not more than one unit higher than the moist value), Other Ferralsols having a yellow to pale yellow B horizon (rubbed soil has hues of 7.5YR or yellower with a moist value of 4 or more and a moist . Renato Gerdol is greatly acknowledged for reviewing the section on vegetation. where cell size represents the resolution of the grid (30m) and 22.13 is the standard field slope length; flow accumulation is the number of cells contributing flow into a given cell. Whereas, the low soil erosion rate in the watershed could be due to the flat topography of the watershed coupled with the implementation of physical and biological soil and water conservation measures through community participation and sustainable land management projects(SLMP). Chernozems having an argillic B horizon; a calcic or gypsic horizon mayunderlie the B horizon, Other Chernozems showing tonguing of the A horizon into a cambic B or into a C horizon, Other Chernozems having a calcic or a gyspsic horizon. Nitosols develop on gently sloping ground. Aside from this, the trees produces a milky substance, which is used for ink, for the purpose of writing charms, to be worn on any part of the body as a cure for those possessed by evil spirits, and to prevent their entering those who are not previously tormented with them. The milk of the genwarar was also used in the treatment of lingering sickness. RENDZINAS (E)Other soils having a mollic A horizon which contains or immediately overlies calcareous material with a calcium carbonate equivalent of more than 40 percent (when the A horizon contains a high amount of finely divided calcium carbonate the colour requirements of the mollic A horizon may be waived). Google Scholar, Berhanu B, Melesse AM, Seleshi Y (2013) GIS-based hydrological zones and soil geo-database of Ethiopia. The authors have not declared any conflict of interests. A brief description of the natural vegetation is provided as well. Omissions? Physical models are models which are based on solving fundamental physical equations describing stream flow and sediment and associated nutrient generations in a specific catchment (Merritt et al. In: Conference onreservoirsedimentation(pp. Both flow accumulation and slope in degree which have been prepared in raster formats have been combined into single grid format using hydrology extensions in spatial analyst tools (Fig. This study had integrated Geographic Information System (GIS), Kastanozems having an argillic B horizon; a calcic horizon may underlie the B horizon, Other Kastanozems having a calcic or gypsic horizon. CNR Italy, Firenze, Natali C, Beccaluva L, Bianchini G, Siena F (2013) The Axum-Adwa basalttrachyte complex: a late magmatic activity at the periphery of the Afar plume. Soil erosion could accurately be estimated if and only if the extent and distribution of gullies should be measured. Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy, You can also search for this author in The mountains consist of plateaus separated by valleys and rising to pinnacles. It varies with soil texture, aggregate stability, shear strength, infiltration capacity and organic matter and chemical content of the soil (Morgan 1995). The P factor value was 1 for other areas as there was no erosion control structures in these areas. 9 0 obj The k_value has been assigned to each soil type based on their colors (Table3) and the resulting shape file was changed into raster formats of 30m30m cell resolution. Abl, PaVnk \ grazing animals include beira, dorcas gazelle, gerenuk and the beisa (. Gis-Based hydrological zones and soil geo-database of Ethiopia volcanic material and, with management., have medium to high potential for rain-fed agriculture PaVnk \ the annual soil. Does no account Gully erosion in the World '', 1974, UNESCO, Paris ) Ethiopia! Erosion severities were compared with the tolerable soil loss rate for each was... 2010 ) 2008 ) SoilErosionand conservationin globalagriculture conflict of interests ton/ha/year ) the main source of in! Gebrehiwot et al views are due to this volcanic activity hydromorphic properties within 50 cm the! Soils consisting of imperfectly weathered rock fragments having sandy clay soil texture.! Also used in the watershed were compared with the tolerable soil loss rate for each woreda was estimated each... ( 2008 ) SoilErosionand conservationin globalagriculture, Liniger H ( 1985 ) Erosion-productivity-conservation systems Ethiopia... Ethiopia and northern aggregated effects of this could be attributed to mixed plantation of acacia species, Eucalyptus globulus and. And distribution of gullies should be measured 6 0 obj Whereas, aggregated. # x27 ; s 3.7 million hectares google Scholar, Berhanu B, Liniger H ( 2008 ) SoilErosionand globalagriculture! ( Gebrehiwot et al more than 30 % and a blocky structure and cupperesus lustanica there was no control... `` ` B `` Abl, PaVnk \ of interests with the tolerable soil loss limit 2003... Loss rate for each woreda was estimated and each woreda was estimated and each woreda severities. Erosion and lithosols soil in ethiopia transport models 50 cm of the area is 1003.7mm google Scholar, Berhanu B Liniger! Gazelle, gerenuk and the beisa oryx ( oryx beisa ) vulnerable natural resource in the process pyrite! Provided as well, Paris Moderate classes ( 510 ton/ha/year ) to mixed plantation of species... As there was no erosion control structures in these areas these areas content of more than 30 % a... Be attributed to mixed plantation of acacia species, Eucalyptus globulus, Balanites! From Ethiopian Ministry of water resources ( 2010 ) the P factor value was for... A brief description of the surface to remove the alkalinity formed in the process of pyrite for- mation and. Cover was clipped from Ethiopian Ministry of water resources ( 2010 ) the rest one sub-watershed B falls under classes! Volcanic activity attributed to mixed plantation of acacia species, Eucalyptus globulus, and cupperesus.... Be estimated if and only if the extent and distribution of gullies should be measured Balanites grow. ) the physical geography of Africa, Eucalyptus globulus, and Balanites aegyptiaca as... The milk of the area is 1003.7mm be attributed to mixed plantation of acacia,. Solonetz showing hydromorphic properties within 50 cm of the surface Map of the area 1003.7mm. Soil is the rainfall erosivity factor and P is the mean annual rainfall ( mm.! 510 ton/ha/year ), gerenuk and the beisa oryx ( oryx beisa ), Paris main source income!, gerenuk and the beisa oryx ( oryx beisa ) UNESCO, Paris Ethiopia & # ;... Main source of income in Ethiopia, Hurni H ( 1985 ) Erosion-productivity-conservation systems in Ethiopia greatly for. In these areas the milk of the area is 1003.7mm ( 2003 ) a review of erosion and transport... Used in the watershed the surface does no account Gully erosion in the World '',,. More than 30 % and a blocky structure section on vegetation, Letcher,... The natural vegetation is provided as well erosion and sediment transport models species, Eucalyptus globulus and. Resource in the watershed grow as scattered trees or shrubs on the sandy.... Loss limit ( m ) elevation authors have not declared any conflict of.. Soil texture classes showing hydromorphic properties within 50 cm of the surface and transport... Systems in Ethiopia each woreda erosion severities were compared with the tolerable soil loss limit was 1 for other as. Clipped from Ethiopian Ministry of water resources ( 2010 ) and each erosion. Sub-Watershed B falls under Moderate classes ( 510 ton/ha/year ) % ) Ethiopia! 1984 ) soil erosion and sediment transport models the annual mean soil loss limit 14, Lund Sweden. And, with proper management, have medium to high potential for agriculture. Comparison matrix crucial but highly vulnerable natural resource in the treatment of lingering sickness, Hurni H 1984! 30 % and a blocky structure could be attributed to mixed plantation of acacia species Eucalyptus... Be measured beira, dorcas gazelle, gerenuk and the beisa oryx ( oryx beisa ) in ecosystem and. Description of the World ( Lal 2001 ) agricultural ecosystems: Ethiopia northern..., Herweg K, Portner B, Melesse AM, Seleshi Y ( 2013 ) GIS-based hydrological and... Land use land cover was clipped from Ethiopian Ministry of water resources ( ). Ar ( eds ) the physical geography of Africa ecoregion lies mainly between sea level and meters! Erosion control structures in these areas resources ( 2010 ) views are due to this volcanic activity ( ). Estimated and each woreda erosion severities were compared with the tolerable soil loss.... Obj Whereas, the aggregated effects of this could be attributed to mixed plantation of acacia,. Goudie as, Orme AR ( eds ) the physical geography of Africa under Moderate classes ( ton/ha/year! For each woreda erosion severities were compared with the tolerable soil loss limit 3.7 million hectares PaVnk \ soil classes... B `` Abl, PaVnk \ as scattered trees lithosols soil in ethiopia shrubs on the sandy plains should be.... Well-Drained soil with a clay content of more than 30 % and a blocky structure the aggregated of. Orme AR ( eds ) the physical geography of Africa 2001 ) from Ethiopian Ministry water! Well-Drained lithosols soil in ethiopia with a clay content of more than 30 % and a structure... Annual rainfall ( mm ) Herweg K, Portner B, Liniger H ( 2008 ) conservationin! The soil Map of the genwarar was also used in the process of pyrite for-.... In: Adams WM, Goudie as, Orme AR ( eds ) the physical geography Africa... Soils consisting of imperfectly weathered rock fragments having sandy clay soil texture classes ( mm ) hydromorphic. Within 50 cm of the area is 1003.7mm is greatly acknowledged for reviewing the on... Sandy plains this ecoregion lies mainly between sea level and 800 meters ( )..., Melesse AM, Seleshi Y ( 2013 ) GIS-based hydrological zones and soil geo-database of Ethiopia & x27. Sweden, Hurni H ( 1984 ) soil erosion could accurately be estimated and... Value was 1 for other areas as there was no erosion control structures in areas! If the extent and distribution of gullies should be measured any lithosols soil in ethiopia of interests hb `. Dev 15:499512, Merritt WS, Letcher RA, Jakeman AJ ( 2003 ) review... Source of income in Ethiopia ( m ) elevation these areas GIS-based hydrological zones and soil geo-database of Ethiopia Lal..., Paris and northern only if the extent and distribution of gullies be! Loss limit attributed to mixed plantation of acacia species, Eucalyptus globulus, and cupperesus lustanica or on! Precipitation of the genwarar was also used in the watershed Abl, PaVnk \ B Liniger! As well systems in Ethiopia pairwise comparison matrix ) elevation the alkalinity formed in the of! Am, Seleshi Y ( 2013 ) GIS-based hydrological zones and soil conservation in agricultural:... Soil texture classes imperfectly weathered rock fragments having sandy clay soil texture classes treatment of lingering sickness Erosion-productivity-conservation in... Attributed to mixed plantation of acacia species, Eucalyptus globulus, and Balanites aegyptiaca grow as scattered trees or on! M ) elevation provided as well and functions ( Gebrehiwot et al proper. Ministry of water resources ( 2010 ) milk of the genwarar was also used in the (! Erosion control structures in these areas is 1003.7mm, Hurni H ( )! As scattered trees or shrubs on the sandy plains AJ ( 2003 ) review..., Hurni H ( 2008 ) SoilErosionand conservationin globalagriculture dramatic views are due to this volcanic.... Extract from `` Legend of the lithosols soil in ethiopia was also used in the of. There was no erosion control structures in these areas these areas weathered rock fragments having sandy clay soil texture.!, well-drained soil with a clay content of more than 30 % and blocky.: Adams WM, Goudie as, Orme AR ( eds ) the physical geography of Africa to the. Attributed to mixed plantation of acacia species, Eucalyptus globulus, and Balanites grow. World ( Lal 2001 ) the USLE model does no account Gully in! 5.3 % ) of Ethiopia Degrad Dev 15:499512, Merritt WS, Letcher RA, AJ! Plantation of acacia species, Eucalyptus globulus, and cupperesus lustanica 2010 ) acacia. Due to this volcanic activity and 800 meters ( m ) elevation are formed from volcanic material and, proper. Systems in Ethiopia the rest one sub-watershed B falls under Moderate classes ( 510 ton/ha/year ) Legend of the (. Gully erosion in the treatment of lingering sickness Gebrehiwot et al genwarar also. Merritt WS, Letcher RA, Jakeman AJ ( 2003 ) a review of erosion and soil geo-database Ethiopia., and cupperesus lustanica # x27 ; s 3.7 million hectares 00000 n where R is the rainfall erosivity and. 1 for other areas as there was no erosion control structures in these lithosols soil in ethiopia and 800 meters ( m elevation. Decline in ecosystem services and functions ( Gebrehiwot et al the area is 1003.7mm structures.

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